robert kubica

Robert Józef "Bob" Kubica (Polish pronunciation: [ˈrɔbɛrt kuˈbit͡sa] ( listen); born 7 December 1984 in Kraków, Poland) is the first Polish racing driver to compete in Formula One. Between 2006 and 2009 he drove for the BMW Sauber F1 team, promoted from test driver to race driver during 2006. In June 2008, Kubica took his maiden F1 victory in the Canadian Grand Prix, becoming the 99th driver to win a World Championship race. On February 6, 2011, Kubica was seriously injured in the Rondi di Andora rally, in which he was taking part for personal enjoyment.[1] Kubica is expected to recover from his injuries, but his future in F1 racing, for the 2011 season and long term, is still unclear.[2]

Pre-Formula One
[edit] Karting

Kubica developed his love for all kinds of cars at the young age of four when he spotted a small off-road vehicle, powered by a 4 bhp (3.0 kW) petrol engine. After long talks with his parents, his father, Artur, bought him the car and young Kubica spent long hours driving around plastic bottles. When he got older it became apparent that he needed better equipment, so his father bought him a go-kart. However, Kubica was too young to start racing in the Polish Karting Championship as he was under the age of ten. When he entered the championship, he won six titles in three years. After his third season, Kubica decided to switch to a more competitive league in Italy. In 1998 Kubica became the first foreigner to win the International Italian Junior Karting Championship.

Kubica also scored second place in the European Junior Karting Championship and won the Junior Monaco Kart Cup held on part of the Formula One Grand Prix track. A year later, he defended his title in Italy and also competed in the International German Karting Championship. He also won the Monaco Kart Cup for the second time in a row, as well as the Margutti Trophy and Elf Masters races. In 2000, his last season in karting, Kubica scored fourth places in both the European and World Championships.
[edit] Junior formulae
Kubica with the Epsilon Euskadi team

Kubica started his professional career in 2000, as a test driver for a Formula Renault 2000 car. During his first professional season in Formula Renault, Kubica scored his maiden pole position and also became a member of Renault's driver development programme. In 2002 Kubica won four races and scored a second place in the Italian Formula Renault 2000. He was also seventh in the Formula Renault Eurocup. At the end of the year he took part in a Brazilian Formula Renault 2000 race held at the Interlagos circuit. This one-off appearance resulted in a dominant win.

After Formula Renault, Kubica moved to the Formula Three Euro Series. However, his move was delayed by a road accident which left him with a broken arm, and titanium screws holding it together. At his delayed debut at Norisring, Kubica, driving with a plastic brace and 18 titanium bolts in his arm, won the race. He finished the season in 12th place. At the end of the year, Kubica won a street race in Sardinia and came fifth in races held in Macau and Korea. He ended his second season in the Formula 3 Euro Series, spent with the factory Mercedes team, in 7th position. In November 2004, he scored pole position in the Macau F3 Grand Prix, where he broke the lap record, but finished second in the race.

In 2005 he won the World Series by Renault championship with the Epsilon Euskadi team, earning Formula One tests with Renault.
[edit] Formula One (2006–present)
[edit] BMW Sauber (2006–2009)
[edit] 2006

In 2006, Kubica became the official reserve driver for the BMW Sauber Formula One team.[3] His results in both Friday testing and private test sessions, along with the words of BMW Sauber team principal Mario Theissen, led to speculation that he would become Poland's first ever Formula One racing driver in 2007. In August 2006, Kubica's teammate, Jacques Villeneuve, complained about headaches after his accident during the German Grand Prix; he was deemed unfit to race by the team, against his own belief, and Kubica was chosen by the team management to replace him at the Hungarian Grand Prix.[4] Kubica qualified ninth, beating his more experienced teammate Nick Heidfeld. In the race, he finished in seventh place, but was disqualified after the race for having an underweight car.[5] Villeneuve decided to leave the BMW Sauber team soon after the race,[6] and Kubica's position in the team for the remainder of the season was confirmed by BMW.[7]
Kubica as BMW Sauber's third driver at the 2006 United States Grand Prix

Kubica had a more disappointing race at the Turkish Grand Prix, finishing in 12th place after a mistake in tyre choice. Heidfeld, who was delayed in a first-corner accident, placed behind Kubica. In his third race, the Italian Grand Prix, Kubica finished in third position, and became the first Polish driver to appear on a Formula One podium, as well as the first Polish driver to lead a Grand Prix. He was the first driver since Alexander Wurz in 1997 to finish on the podium within his first three Formula One starts.

In China, he finished 13th, again after a mistake in tyre choice. After going off track at the first turn of the race, he moved from 17th position to fifth, before pitting. He was the first to change from intermediate tyres to dry tyres after the wet track started to dry. This decision was made too early: a very slow next lap in extremely wet and slippery conditions and another pit stop to change back to intermediates cost him his place in the points.
[edit] 2007
Kubica's violent crash at the 2007 Canadian Grand Prix
Kubica driving for BMW Sauber at the 2007 British Grand Prix

Kubica performed well during the 2007 season, finishing consistently in point scoring positions. At the Canadian Grand Prix Kubica had a serious crash approaching the hairpin on lap 27, in which his car made contact with Jarno Trulli's Toyota, and hit a hump in the grass which lifted the car's nose into the air and left him unable to brake or steer. The car then rolled as it came back across the track, striking the wall on the outside of the hairpin and coming to rest on its side.[8] The speed measured when his car clipped the barrier was 300.13 km/h (186.49 mph), at a 75-degree angle, subjecting Kubica to an average deceleration of 28 g. After data from the onboard accident data recorder had been analysed it was found that he had been subjected to a peak G-force of 75 G.[9] Under safety car conditions, Kubica was removed from the car and taken to the circuit's medical centre, where he was announced to be "stable", although no information regarding potential injuries was known at this time. Shortly afterwards, his manager Daniele Morelli said Kubica was conscious and talking.[10] It was initially reported that Kubica could have a broken leg.[11] However, Mario Theissen later confirmed that he was not seriously injured.[12][13] Further reports from late evening on race day, directly from the hospital, confirmed that Kubica had suffered a light concussion alongside a sprained ankle. After being kept in overnight for observation, Kubica left hospital the following day.[14] On 14 June it was announced that as a precaution, Kubica would not race at the United States Grand Prix and would be replaced by test driver Sebastian Vettel.[15] After missing Indianapolis, he returned for the French Grand Prix where he qualified and finished in fourth place, receiving ITV broadcaster Martin Brundle's driver of the day award. He then went on to finish fourth again at the British Grand Prix.
[edit] 2008

Kubica's retention as race driver for 2008 was confirmed on 21 August 2007.[16] Over the first half of the season, Kubica qualified and finished strongly, including his and BMW Sauber's first pole position at the Bahrain Grand Prix and second place finishes at the Malaysian and Monaco Grands Prix.
Kubica achieved the first win of his F1 career at the 2008 Canadian Grand Prix.

On 8 June 2008 at the Canadian Grand Prix, Kubica achieved his first Formula 1 victory. He started second on the grid and passed race leader Lewis Hamilton in the first round of pitstops after the BMW Sauber pit crew completed a faster pitstop. On leaving the pits, Kubica and Kimi Räikkönen's Ferrari halted at the pit lane exit, waiting for the red pit exit light to change. Hamilton, running immediately behind them, missed the light and crashed into Räikkönen's Ferrari, eliminating both cars from the race. Kubica rejoined the race well positioned for the eventual victory. He passed Heidfeld's sister BMW Sauber, running one refuelling stop to Kubica's two stop strategy, and gained the necessary 24 seconds over Heidfeld to ensure that he maintained the lead after his second stop 22 laps later. The BMW Saubers remained first and second to the end of the race.[17] Kubica later joked that he should thank Hamilton for electing to crash into Räikkönen instead of him.[18] The win gave Kubica the lead in the drivers' championship.

BMW Sauber's results were weaker over the second half of the season. At the French Grand Prix at Magny-Cours, Kubica finished 5th, reporting that this was a lost race, complaining about aerodynamic problems with the car.[citation needed] Kubica's strongest result of the latter part of the year was in Japan where he qualified sixth. At the start, several drivers braked too late for the first corner. Kubica took an inside line overtaking several cars and emerged in the lead. He led for 16 laps, but lost his lead to Fernando Alonso at the first round of pit stops. Kubica finished second after defending his position towards the end of the race against Räikkönen in a faster Ferrari (his fastest race lap was 0.6 seconds quicker than the Pole's)[19][20] Apart from that, Kubica achieved podiums in the Street race in Valencia and in the rain affected race at Monza. Kubica finished the year fourth in the drivers' championship.
[edit] 2009
Kubica driving for BMW Sauber at the 2009 Turkish Grand Prix

At the 2009 season opener in Melbourne, Kubica managed to qualify fourth on the grid. During the race, he was in third place and closing the gap to the front two cars before making contact with Sebastian Vettel while trying to overtake him. After the incident, Kubica continued briefly, but crashed into a wall at the next corner because his front wing had become stuck under the car.[21] Vettel was later deemed responsible for the accident, and given a 10-place penalty on the grid for the next race in Malaysia.[22]

BMW motorsport director, Mario Theissen, claimed that Kubica would have won the race ahead of Jenson Button had it not been for Vettel.[23]
Kubica at the 2009 British Grand Prix

At the Malaysian Grand Prix, Kubica qualified in eighth place, but was promoted to sixth following Vettel's ten-place grid penalty for causing the crash in Australia, and Rubens Barrichello's five-place grid drop for changing his gearbox. However, he retired very early in the race with engine problems. The next two races, the Chinese Grand Prix and the Bahrain Grand Prix were disappointing for the BMW Sauber team as both Kubica and his teammate Heidfeld finished outside the points with a non-competitive car. For the next race in Barcelona, BMW Sauber prepared a modified version of the F1.09. The car proved more competitive but a mistake in fitting the tyres to Kubica's car during Q3 meant he could only qualify in 10th position. In the race, after a bad start (due to a clutch issue)[24] he finished once more out of the points. Kubica suffered from an engine failure during second practice in Monaco, and retired from the Grand Prix due to a brake issue. At the Turkish Grand Prix, the team introduced the double diffuser. The car's performance improved and Kubica managed to score his first points of the season with a 7th place. In the next 3 races both BMW Sauber drivers finished outside the points again, but during the European and Belgian Grands Prix again proved to be competitive, scoring 8th and 4th positions respectively. In Italy, Kubica suffered engine trouble in qualifying and then retired from the race due to an oil leak. At the Singapore Grand Prix, Kubica finished 8th, defending his position from Kazuki Nakajima and Räikkönen in the last laps. He later stated it was "the most difficult point I have ever scored".[25][26] At the Brazilian Grand Prix, Kubica scored his first podium of the season despite engine temperature problems by finishing in 2nd place, 7.6 seconds behind winner Mark Webber. The podium was BMW's second of the season.

On 29 July 2009, BMW announced that they would leave Formula One at the end of 2009, which made Kubica a free agent for the 2010 season.[27][28] For the 2010 season, it was announced that he had signed for Renault F1, the team he tested for during his junior career.[29]
[edit] Renault (2010–)
[edit] 2010
Kubica driving for Renault at the 2010 Bahrain Grand Prix

Kubica moved to the Renault team for 2010. His position was briefly put in doubt, however, by the team evaluating its future in the sport following the 2009 season in the wake of the "Crashgate" scandal and the parent company's financial problems. This resulted in a Luxembourg-based investment firm, Genii Capital, taking a 75% stake in the team; Renault retaining the remaining 25%.[30] Eric Boullier was also appointed as the new team manager. Kubica said he might not stay with Renault, as his contract was only valid if the parent company had a controlling stake in the team, but he then decided to remain with them.[31][32] On 31 January 2010, it was announced that Vitaly Petrov was to be Kubica's team-mate.

It was reported in Autosport that Ferrari driver Felipe Massa had until the 2010 British Grand Prix to prove the Maranello outfit that he is worth hanging onto or Kubica could take his seat in 2011.[33] However Ferrari re-signed Massa for 2011, leaving Kubica without a seat at the Italian team.

On 7 July 2010, it was confirmed that Kubica had extended his contract with Renault to 2012.[34]

At the opening race of the 2010 season in Bahrain, Kubica was tagged by Adrian Sutil and spun on the opening lap but recovered to 11th. At the next race in Australia, he finished second after starting in ninth position. Fourth in Malaysia and fifth in China left him in seventh place in the drivers' championship, 20 points behind championship leader Jenson Button. Kubica felt that had there not been a second safety car period in China he could have finished on the podium. In Spain he finished eighth, but followed this up with another podium in Monaco, holding third throughout after losing second at the start to Sebastian Vettel. At the Turkish Grand Prix, he was held up behind Nico Rosberg for the second time in the season after Malaysia, and finished sixth.

In Canada, Kubica finished seventh after an eventful race and problems with tyre degradation which made his race difficult,[35] but did set the first fastest lap of his career in the race's closing stages. He added a fifth in Valencia and seventh in Germany before taking his third podium of the season in Belgium. He was competitive throughout the weekend, qualifying third, and only a bungled pitstop cost him second to Mark Webber. In Singapore, he qualified eighth in front of Schumacher. During the late stages of the race, he was forced to pit from sixth place due to a puncture. He was released from the pits to twelfth place, but with the help from superior grip and a series of overtaking moves—his move against Sutil was favourably compared to the incident between Webber and Hamilton—was able to claim seventh place, ultimately gaining a place from his qualifying result. In Suzuka, he managed to trail the Red Bulls throughout the weekend and translated it into a strong third place in Sunday qualifying. However, despite getting a good start and overtaking Webber at the start of the race, but would retire during the safety car period after losing one of his rear tyres.

Formula One journalist Mark Hughes remarked that Kubica is currently "arguably the best driver", considering the season so far. He emphasised Kubica's strong showing in tracks where Hughes believes that the differences in driver skills are able to overwhelm the differences in the capability of the cars; namely, Monaco, Spa and Suzuka.[36] Kubica managed to finish on the podium behind the Red Bulls except in Suzuka where he was strong throughout the weekend nevertheless, despite retiring from the race through no fault of his own.
[edit] 2011

Kubica remains with Renault – rebranded as Lotus Renault GP through Lotus Cars sponsorship – into the 2011 season, again partnering Vitaly Petrov.[37] He tested the team's new car, the Renault R31, for the first time in Valencia on 2 February.[37] On the last day of testing in Valencia he set the fastest time of the session.[38]
[edit] Serious injury and uncertain future

On 6 February 2011, Kubica was injured in a crash on the first stage of the Ronde di Andora rally. He was driving a Super 2000-specification Škoda Fabia,[39] in San Lorenzo di Testico when his car left the road at high speed, and hit a church wall and a crash barrier. Kubica was trapped in the car for more than an hour before rescue workers were able to extract him.[40] He was flown by helicopter to Santa Corona Hospital in Pietra Ligure near Savona, where it was confirmed that he had suffered compound fractures to his right elbow, shoulder and leg, as well as significant loss of blood.[40][41][42] The severity of his injuries were the result of the crash barrier penetrating the car's cockpit, and hitting Kubica, while leaving his co-driver unscathed. Kubica underwent a seven hour operation by seven doctors split into two teams, without complications, however he will have to undergo further surgery for additional trauma not dealt with originally.[40] While doctors have dismissed initial concerns that his right hand might be amputated, the condition of his hand will not be clear for some time and it is possible that he will miss the whole 2011 season.[43][44]
[edit] Racing record
[edit] Career summary
Season Series Team Races Wins Poles F/Laps Podiums Points Position
2001 Formula Renault 2000 Eurocup RC Motorsport 10 0 1 0 1 46 14th
Formula Renault 2000 Italy 5 0 0 1 1 27 13th
2002 Formula Renault 2000 Eurocup RC Motorsport 8 0 1 0 2 80 7th
Formula Renault 2000 Italy 10 4 3 5 6 188 2nd
Formula Renault 2000 Brazil RS2 1 1 1 1 1 N/A NC†
2003 Formula Three Euroseries Prema Powerteam 13 1 0 3 2 31 12th
British Formula Three 2 0 0 0 0 N/A NC†
Masters of Formula Three 1 0 0 0 0 N/A 33rd
Macau Grand Prix Target Racing[45] 1 0 0 0 0 N/A NC
F3 Korea Super Prix 1 0 0 0 0 N/A 6th
2004 Formula Three Euroseries Mücke Motorsport 20 0 0 0 3 53 7th
Macau Grand Prix Manor Motorsport 1 0 1 1 1 N/A 2nd
2005 Formula Renault 3.5 Series Epsilon Euskadi 17 4 3 1 11 154 1st
Macau Grand Prix Carlin Motorsport 1 0 0 0 1 N/A 2nd
Formula One Renault F1 Team Test driver
2006 Formula One BMW Sauber F1 Team 6 0 0 0 1 6 16th
2007 Formula One BMW Sauber F1 Team 16 0 0 0 0 39 6th
2008 Formula One BMW Sauber F1 Team 18 1 1 0 7 75 4th
2009 Formula One BMW Sauber F1 Team 17 0 0 0 1 17 14th
2010 Formula One Renault F1 Team 19 0 0 1 3 136 8th

† As Kubica was a guest driver, he was ineligible to score points.
[edit] Complete Formula Renault 2000 Eurocup results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position)
Year Entrant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 DC Points
2001 RC Motorsport MOZ
Ret BRN
Ret MAG
15 SIL
21 ZOL
Ret HUN
6 SPI
Ret NÜR
12 JAR
6 EST
2 14th 46
2002 RC Motorsport MAG
2 SIL
4 JAR
13 AND
3 OSC
10 SPA
Ret IMO
27 DON
EST
4 7th 80
[edit] Complete Formula Three Euroseries results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Year Entrant Chassis Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 DC Points
2003 Prema Powerteam Dallara F303/022 Spiess-Opel HOC1
1 HOC1
2 ADR
1 ADR
2 PAU
1 PAU
2 NOR
1
1 NOR
2
2 LMS
1
27 LMS
2
7 NÜR
1
9 NÜR
2
6 A1R
1
11 A1R
2
Ret ZAN
1
7 ZAN
2
24 HOC2
1
24 HOC2
2
10 MAG
1
4 MAG
2
8 12th 31
2004 Mücke Motorsport Dallara F302/032 HWA-Mercedes HOC1
1
6 HOC1
2
7 EST
1
9 EST
2
23 ADR
1
17 ADR
1
Ret PAU
1
3 PAU
2
2 NOR
1
19 NOR
1
4 MAG
1
9 MAG
2
5 NÜR
1
5 NÜR
2
2 ZAN
1
8 ZAN
2
5 BRN
1
10 BRN
2
8 HOC2
1
4 HOC2
2
7 7th 53
[edit] Complete Formula Renault 3.5 Series results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Year Entrant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 DC Points
2005 Epsilon Euskadi ZOL
1
3 ZOL
2
1 MON
1
5 VAL
1
2 VAL
2
16 LMS
1
3 LMS
2
2 BIL
1
1 BIL
2
8 OSC
1
1 OSC
2
1 DON
1
3 DON
2
6 EST
1
2 EST
2
3 MNZ
1
Ret MNZ
2
Ret 1st 154
[edit] Complete Formula One results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Year Entrant Chassis Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 WDC Points
2006 BMW Sauber F1 Team BMW Sauber F1.06 BMW P86 2.4 V8 BHR
TD MAL
TD AUS
TD SMR
TD EUR
TD ESP
TD MON
TD GBR
TD CAN
TD USA
TD FRA
TD GER
TD HUN
DSQ TUR
12 ITA
3 CHN
13 JPN
9 BRA
9 16th 6
2007 BMW Sauber F1 Team BMW Sauber F1.07 BMW P86/7 2.4 V8 AUS
Ret MAL
18 BHR
6 ESP
4 MON
5 CAN
Ret USA
FRA
4 GBR
4 EUR
7 HUN
5 TUR
8 ITA
5 BEL
9 JPN
7 CHN
Ret BRA
5 6th 39
2008 BMW Sauber F1 Team BMW Sauber F1.08 BMW P86/8 2.4 V8 AUS
Ret MAL
2 BHR
3 ESP
4 TUR
4 MON
2 CAN
1 FRA
5 GBR
Ret GER
7 HUN
8 EUR
3 BEL
6 ITA
3 SIN
11 JPN
2 CHN
6 BRA
11 4th 75
2009 BMW Sauber F1 Team BMW Sauber F1.09 BMW P86/9 2.4 V8 AUS
14 MAL
Ret CHN
13 BHR
18 ESP
11 MON
Ret TUR
7 GBR
13 GER
14 HUN
13 EUR
8 BEL
4 ITA
Ret SIN
8 JPN
9 BRA
2 ABU
10 14th 17
2010 Renault F1 Team Renault R30 Renault RS-27 2.4 V8 BHR
11 AUS
2 MAL
4 CHN
5 ESP
8 MON
3 TUR
6 CAN
7 EUR
5 GBR
Ret GER
7 HUN
Ret BEL
3 ITA
8 SIN
7 JPN
Ret KOR
5 BRA
9 ABU
5 8th